Other for Bismuth in China
Liyang Zhonglianjin e‑commerce commodity exchange platform launched in March 2023 to trade 99.99% pure bismuth, enhancing market liquidity.
Bismuth trade
Bismuth is a trade commodity derived from mining activities and as a byproduct of other metals' refining processes, including lead, copper, tin, silver, and gold. Its diverse uses span various industries such as chemical, pharmaceutical, and electrical, with applications in cosmetics, pigments, shotgun pellets, and more. Due to its unique properties like low toxicity and high thermoconductivity, bismuth alloys are increasingly replacing toxic lead and mercury in various applications. The mining of bismuth is often...
Bismuth is a trade commodity derived from mining activities and as a byproduct of other metals' refining processes, including lead, copper, tin, silver, and gold. Its diverse uses span various industries such as chemical, pharmaceutical, and electrical, with applications in cosmetics, pigments, shotgun pellets, and more.
Due to its unique properties like low toxicity and high thermoconductivity, bismuth alloys are increasingly replacing toxic lead and mercury in various applications. The mining of bismuth is often a byproduct of processing these primary metals, making it challenging to determine the exact origin of globally traded bismuth.
Bismuth is typically traded as ingots, bars, or powders, as well as in alloy forms like bismuth telluride, which has gained popularity for its excellent thermoelectric properties. The trade of bismuth waste and scrap has become more prevalent, with recycling efforts reducing the environmental footprint of bismuth mining and production.
Country-level reported imports and exports by year.
Net export flows between reporting partners filtered by global trade share.
Bilateral trade structure for the selected year.
Market intelligence
Liyang Zhonglianjin e‑commerce commodity exchange platform launched in March 2023 to trade 99.99% pure bismuth, enhancing market liquidity.
China's bismuth metal exports increased for a second consecutive year in 2023, indicating higher production and potential supply changes.
The 97-kilometer Tlicho Highway opened in November 2021, enabling transport for the NICO project and potentially impacting bismuth supply.
USGS proposed a new draft critical minerals list including bismuth in November 2021, updating regulatory considerations.
Antamina received approval to invest $180 million to install hydrocyclones, increasing bismuth recovery at its concentrating plant in 2021, expanding processing capacity.
Executive Order 13953 declared a national emergency for critical minerals on September 30 2020, prompting U.S. agencies to seek grants and loans to support domestic bismuth supply chains.
U.S. Trade Representative extended the duty exclusion through December 31 2020 on September 16 2020, maintaining tariff relief for Chinese bismuth imports.
U.S. Trade Representative granted duty exclusions on Chinese goods, including bismuth, effective April 24 2020, lowering import tariffs and easing U.S. bismuth imports.
China increased export rebate tax on high‑purity bismuth from 10% to 13% on March 20 2020, incentivizing higher bismuth exports.
China imposed pandemic shutdowns on mineral processing plants in February 2020, halting production of up to 3,600 t of bismuth from affected facilities.
Hindustan Zinc Ltd. announced in 2020 that it would triple its bismuth capacity to 46 t/yr by 2027 through expansion of zinc smelter operations, boosting potential bismuth supply.
The U.S. Department of the Interior added bismuth to the critical minerals list in May 2018, influencing policy and supply security.
China’s 2017 environmental regulations compelled small and medium bismuth producers to shut down for upgrades, reducing domestic output by at least 25%.
Creditors announced a plan to sell the zinc‑lead smelter at La Oroya by December 2014, signalling potential ownership transfer and operational uncertainty for bismuth output.
Following a December announcement of a planned sale, workers at La Oroya went on an indefinite strike in 2014, further disrupting bismuth production.
By early November 2014, Fanya warehouses held roughly 17,000 tons of bismuth, exceeding a year's global consumption and indicating significant stockpiling.
Fortune Minerals Ltd. received permits in July 2014 to construct the NICO gold‑cobalt‑bismuth‑copper mine and concentrator in Canada’s Northwest Territories, expanding bismuth production capacity.
Bismuth inventory on the Fanya Metal Exchange rose 120% to 11,500 tons during the first half of 2014, signaling heightened demand and potential supply constraints.
The La Oroya Metallurgical complex in Peru paused operations in May 2014 for a month due to concentrate shortages, temporarily cutting bismuth output.
Modification of the Safe Drinking Water Act in 2014 lowered permissible lead content in plumbing, boosting demand for bismuth‑containing brass alloys.
The final U.S. primary lead smelter ceased operations at the end of 2013, cutting domestic bismuth supply from lead smelting.
The last domestic primary lead smelter closed at yearend 2013, ending local bismuth by‑product production and raising import dependence.
China launched the Fanya Metal Exchange in March 2013, providing a formal market for bismuth trading and influencing global supply dynamics.
A strike at Peru's sole bismuth mine, lasting most of the previous three years, halted Peru’s bismuth production.
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